PART 11

CHAPTER 11 page 58
Among my father's papers which came into my possession after his death in 1961, in his 91st year, I found a genealogical tree tracing back our descent to a branch of the Midgley family resident during the early 18th century at Hainworth, a rural area on the slopes of the Worth Valley upwards of a mile or so from Keighley.  Almost entirely surrounded by steep hillsides above which lie acres upon acres of picturesque moorland, Keigley is situated at the confluence of the River Aire, just emerging from its infancy; and its own River Worth.  In those days the town was merely a cluster of houses around the Parish Church and the Market Cross, spreading from Change Gate, Townfield Gate, Greebgate and Westgate up the High Street and bordering North Beck.  Its rapid growth dates from the Industrial Revolution and the population today must be about 60,000.  What with, inter alia: an exciting redevelopment of the central area of the town now in progress there is every indication of prosperity about the borough which justifies its punning motto of  “By Worth".
Had I been aware of the existence of Hainworth and its connection with the family’s past I would surely have found the opportunity to visit this district during at least one of my long school vacations in England more than fifty years ago   As it was, my movements were confined mainly to the other side of the watershed, to the valley of the Aire between Keighley and Bingley where my great uncle Tom Walker lived in retirement at Marley Brow.  Only when I obtained from overseas a couple of years ago a large scale map - six inches to one statute mile - of that portion of the Worth valley did I realise why my father had named our first home “Haincliffe”.  It is one of several natural features of the area, including such others as Hainworth Wood, Hainworth Crag, and Hainworth Shaw - with traces of the old Roman road nearby.

The first progenitor he recorded was Holmes Midgley (1776 - 1850) who had married Martha Rhodes (1784 - 1855) eldest of six daughters of William, Greenwood, who was also a farmer at Hainworth. Both Holmes and Martha lie buried together in the graveyard of St John's Church, Ingrow: just across the river from Hainworth.  During my recent all too brief visit to England and the West Riding I met again my father's surviving sister Alice, from whom I learnt much of my father's early life, for he was never communicative on the subject. His father had a good business but was a hard taskmaster who was apparently more devoted to his sisters than to his own wife and family.  For this reason the family life was not as happy as it might have been.  Instead of joining the family business my father was determined to avail himself of every opportunity to study and improve himself in pastures new.  All these circumstances may explain why he had neither the time nor the inclination, possibly, to delve into the family history, and the same applied when he soon settled in Cape Town.

During my short stay in Keighley during the last week in June, 1968, I visited the Parish Church and in the Register discovered the record of the marriage of John Midgley, the father of Holmes, to Anne Holmes by Banns on 30th July, 1759. There was no time then to  explore farther back into their pedigrees and to attempt to solve the following problems posed by the records, viz.:
a) Was this (our) John the second child (chr. 30.4.1735) of the nine children born of the marriage on 27.12.1731 of Mary Hodgson and John Midgley (chr. 28.6. 1702) who was the eldest of the children born of the marriage on 20.7.1701 of John Midgley and Ann Holmes (buried 16. 8.1731)?

Or
b) Was he the third child John (chr 21.1.1736/7) of the seven children born of the marriage on 17.6.1731 of Isabell Waters and William Midgley (chr. 3.3.1705/6) who was the second child of seven children born of the marriage on 29.10,1701 of Joseph Midgley and Mary Holmes?
Or

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c) Was he the son John (chr. 27.5.1731) of William Midgley, yeoman of Oldfield, whose eldest son Joseph (1724 - 1765) inherited the manor of Haworth from his cousin David?
The recurrence of the surname Holmes on the distaff side in the marriages of 1701 would seem to indicate that either Ann or Mary Holmes was the great grandmother of our Holmes, but the repetition of the Christian name John on the. spearside and the frequent lack of details of parentage in the records clearly show the need for further research.

Although there has been a church in Keighley for eight centuries the first Parish register of births, marriages and deaths, the covers of which are of solid oak, commences only in the year 1562 and begins with the following announcement -

“A true and perfect register of the names of all those who have bene baptised, maried, and buried in the parishe of Kighley, from the first year of the reigne of our most gracious Sovereigne ladie Elizabeth, by the grace of God of England , France, and Ireland, quene, defender of the faith etc. trulie copied out of the old paper books there accordinge to commandment in the fortieth yeare of her highness's most happy reigne. Anno a Christo Nato milessimo, quingentessimo Sexagessimo secundo” ³

Midgley is one of some thirty names that occur most frequently in the registers - Beanlandes, Brookbank, Brooke, Browne, Brigge, Clapham, Claton, Craven, Denbyes, Duckworth, Emott, Hall, Hanson, Holms, Houghton, Hoyle, Hudson, Kighley, Lupton, Mawde, Midgley, Newsum, Pilkington, Rendall, Roper, Roydes, Smyth, Sugden, Whittingham, Wrighte.  The first Midgley entry occurs under April, 1563, and reads laconically enough, 'The XXth daie John Midgley son of Willm was buried.',  There are several Midgley tombstones in the overgrown and neglected graveyard around the church  Incidentally that the towns-people were early engaged in the making of woollen cloth is evident from references in the register to burials of a clothier John Hartley in 1571, Peter Hall a yarn dealer in 1724, Abraham Binns a woll comb maker 1725 and Jonas Blakey a shalloon maker 1746.

After the publication of banns on 15th, 22nd, and 29th days of July, 1759, the marriage of John Midgley, weaver and Ann Holmes, spinster, both of Keighley parish, was solemnized on 30.7.1759 by Charles Knowlton, Rector, with H. Williamson and Joshua Keighley signing as witnesses.⁴  The couple, who were living at Harwood Hill, lost their first child Joseph in infancy, but, after the birth of Mary and Nathan, another Joseph arrived followed by Sally. The sixth child Holmes also died in infancy in December, 1775.  All the children were duly christened in Keighley parish church. A search of the Bishops Transcripts at York revealed that another son Holmes was christened on 4th August, 1776.⁵

Holmes Midgley, 1776 - 1850, worsted weaver, and his wife Martha, Greenwood, 1783 - 1855, lived at Hainworth then in Bingley township.  They had a family of six children, three boys and three girls (Census 1841) namely William, 1815 - 1890, who started a butchery, Ann and Grace who followed their father1s calling, Greenwood, 1824 - 1895, a stone mason, Betty a factoyy girl and John.  Grace and John died young aged 24 and 16 respectively. Of the two surviving sons the elder, my great grandfather, William married Martha Jowett of Keighley, 1824 - 1881, and lived at Wood Bottom, Hainworth, while the other, Greenwood, later Master of Keighley Workhouse, married Martha Dilks. Mary Grace, 1850 - 1930, daughter of Greenwood Midgley married Joseph Summerscales, a well-known iron founder of Keighley and a noted musician,who on one occasion before World War I took me on a trout fishing trip to Grassington in Wharfedale and at whose mansion 'Rockfield' I was always welcome.They had one son William who married Hilda Butterfield, and three daughters

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the eldest Margaret or Madge, a fine 'cello player, married Henry Coward M.A of King's College, Cambridge, and a son of Dr. later Sir Henry Coward of Sheffield Choir fame.  Madge's only daughter Joan subsequently qualified in medicine at Leeds University.  Though my father had intended to send me to Giggleswick he decided finally on Newcastle-under-Lyme, where Henry Coward was on the High School Staff.  I spent the summer vacation with this family at Scarborough just before the German bombardment in August 1914.  Everyone thought the War would be over by December but, alas, Henry was killed behind the lines in France when going on leave in 1917 from the trenches at Arras.^5a

During our recent visit to Keighley in the company of my Cousin Elsie and her husband Dr Bill Blakey, I found that the Rockfield  residence had been disposed of by the Summerscales family and that all Joseph's children had passed on. . Fortunatly I met Dorothy Butterfield, an active octogenarian who advised me of the whereabouts of my cousin Joan, Madge's daughter, and cousin Mollie, Hilda's daughter⁶. Despite being a grandmother Joan still holds a medical appointment and lives with her husband, Dr Tattersall.at Holly Bush House, Old Lane, Bramhope near Leeds, whither the Blakeys motored us on Friday morning 28th June, 1968.  The same day we inspected the old Norman Church at Adel, (described fully on page 49 above) and then called briefly on Edward Fitton at Roundhay, Leeds.

Mollie paid us a special visit at Keighley and on our departure from the West Riding we motored past Skipton and along the Aire Gap into Lancashire to her attractive country home "Anyhams", Rimington, where we met her husband Jack Binns.  They have four fine children, viz. Peter, who is about to qualify in medicine, Susan in the Diplomatic Service, Henry and Nicols, none of whom unfortunately was at home at the time. Mollie's one brother Henry was killed in action in 1942 and the other David lies nearby.

Eleven children were born of the marriage of William Midgley and Martha Jowett, six boys and five girls, but only one son raised a family, namely Samuel, my grandfather.  All his brothers pre-deceased their parents only on reaching full age.18  Samuel, 1843 - 1908, married Priscilla Greenwood Jacques 1841 - 1913, the great granddaughter of Colonel Henri Jacques, a refugee from the French Revolution who landed at Whitehaven, Cumberland.  Priscilla's parents were John Corlass Jacques and Rebecca Greenwood of Morton.  I have in my possession the large Holy Bible presented on 24.9.1895 to him by the teachers of the Independent Sunday School at Morton in recognition of his long and faithful services in that school.  John's brother George (1831 - 95) owned the prosperous Waterloo mills at Silsden, near Keighley. 7
All of Samuel's five sisters were married.
1) Mary married Pickles Greenwood of Ingrow and had eight children.
2) Martha Ann married Wilkinson Riley of Keighley having issue five children and settled in Boston, U.S.A.
3) Grace married James Whitehead of Keighley whose eldest son settled in Durban.
4) Sarah Maria married Thomas Walker, schoolmaster, who retired to Marley Brow, Bingley, and in whose charge my father left me in 1913. They had three sons, Harold who joined the Indian Civil Service and Watson, both remaining bachelors, Albert and a daughter Nellie, all long deceased.8 After graduating B.Sc. London Albert joined the Museum Staff at Cape Town and married my mother's youngest sister Lily Foulds.  They had two sons, Tom and Douglas, both of whom graduated B.Sc. Cape Town, and joined the
S. A. R. and H. service as engineers.
5) Fanny married John Wignall and settled in Halifax where I spent some short holidays.  They had four children, Mary, Helen who married Edward Fitton and whose son is in medical practice at Leeds, Amy end Jacic who graduated
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Ph, D. and held a chemistry post at Rugby.  Amy, the last surviving Wignall died in 1969.
The marriage of my grandparents Samuel and Priscilla produced three sons and three daughters, apart from one daughter who died in infancy. They were my father Franklin, Percy, Frederick, Alice Elizabeth and Annie. Percy carried on the family butchery and farmed outside Keighley.  He lost his only son Jack in the last War.  Frederick settled in Liverpool and had several children, including my cousin Bessie who married William Humphreys and also lost a son in the War.  Their son, another Franklin served in the Merchant Marine throughout the last World War II, during which he made a brief call at Cape Town,  Whilst overseas recently we called briefly on Percy's widowed daughter Amy at Bolton, Bradford, and on Jack’s daughter Linda at Thwaites Brow, Keighley. On our arrival in London .Jessie's daughter Maimie Bradford, her husband Deryck and son Roy took us to their home at Purley Surrey, and motored us across the city on our return.  Bessie whom I first met in 1912 made a special trip to see us while we were in Worcestershire, Evan Francis Smith, who married my father's eldest sister Alice, now 94, was born at Inverness in 1875. As a youngster he played about the shores of Loch Ness in the heart of the Highlands where he lived for some years but never saw the legendary monster   After receiving his early training in Glasgow with Muir and Caldwell, a firm of shipping engineers, he joined in 1896 the Castle Line which became the Union Castle Line in 1901. He served in such early ships as the Tintagel, Dunvegan and Dunottar Castles. In 1916 during World War I his boat the Dover Castle was torpedoed by a submarine while some 70 miles N. W. of Bona,. a port of North Africa.  At the time they were heading due west into the setting sun with wounded soldiers from Malta and Gallipoli when the ship was struck twice.

Luckily the crew and those aboard, with the exception of a few men in the stokehold watch, were rescued by British destroyers included in the convoy. When my uncle arrived at Cape Town on his first trip the South Arm was just being built and there was very little shelter, After he had been a good many years at sea Diesel engines were introduced and he had to study for the endorsement of his steam certificate.  His last two ships before he retired in 1938 as Commodore Engineer were the Carnarvon and Winchester Castles. Their son Francis Frederick Percival (Percy or Frank) graduated Ph.D. in Physical Chemistry at Peterhouse,¹⁰ Cambridge, and their daughter Clara Elizabeth (Elsie" who graduated B.A. at Sheffield, married William Blakey, Ph.D. King's College, Cambridge. This family is now resident at Pedmore, Stourbridge. Worcestershire, and Elsie’s daughter Enid Baker her husband and two sons live in the large flat above her attractive home 'Moorcroft'.  Our overseas visit was made all the more enjoyable by the solicitude of Elsie and Bill Blakey for our welfare.  We spent several days with them at Pedmore, lived a week with them at their holiday caravan in South Wales and they devoted a week to motoring us about the West Riding in June.
I never met my paternal grandfather Samuel Midgley.  He made the voyage to Cape Town just before the South African (Boer) War to pay a brief visit to my parents when they became engaged. I was taken to England by my father in November, 1912, to see my grandmother Priscilla who was then in failing health.  My father never confided in me about my grandfather beyond once remarking that he had the girth and strength of a bull, like his brother my Uncle Percy, but I gather, from reading between the lines as it were, and from the fact that my father would not have alcoholic beverages in the home, that he was rather fond of his liquor.  The consequences of indulgence were by no means unknown to my father from his attendance in Court as reporter and later as Registrar.  He regarded drinking as an awful waste of good money and was besides, evidently afraid of the possibilities.  He must have strongly disapproved but loyally never let drop a word to me about these matters.  On the contrary my wife's father, 'Uncle James' Starke, who used to distil his own brandy on the farm at Mulder's Vlei always had strong liquor on the table but

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his sons did not develop any particular fondness or indulgence. Does the removal of temptation provide the complete answer to the problem whenever it exists? My father need not have been concerned for all his sons inherited his own strength of will in this respect.
My grandmother used to write fairly regularly to my father who was a dutiful son and correspondent.  I have some of these letters in her shapely handwriting, even at an advanced age, and she was definitely a cultured woman with a mind of her own.  So far as I can judge she was of a different, more ambitious mould than my grandfather and good looking withal.
My father Franklin Midgley was born in Keighley,¹¹ Airedale, on 9th July, 1870, and died at Grahamstown in June 1961, in his 91st year. He was educated at the Trades and Grammar School, Keighley, where he won the Drake and Tonson Scholarship.  His nephew Francis Percival Smith had a brilliant record there, gaining scholarships to Cambridge. After ]eaving school at the age of sixteen my father joined the Staff of the Keighley Newsreader becoming Bingley correspondent two years later.  He subsequently worked as reporter and editor at Poole and Blandford, Dorsetshire, and later was persuaded to escort his cousin, Willie Whitehead, who was in delicate health, to South Africa. He sailed on the 'Greek' for Cape Town on 23.9.1893, and here he decided to remain, joining the Staff of the "Cape Times" and becoming Sports Editor two, years later at £200 p. a.  Another distant cousin James Rhodes accompanied them out here.
In December 1898 my father resigned from the Cape Times to join the Parliamentary Establishment of the Cape House of Assembly, as Chief Committee Clerk at £360 p. a.  It was during this period that after a long engagement as she was still rather young, he finally married Ada, the eldest daughter of John and Jane Foulds on 13.10.1899, and the honeymoon was spent in the country at the old Cogill's Hotel, Wynberg.  The other Foulds children were my uncle Norman who married Margaret Foulds without issue; my aunt Mary who married William Locke with offspring John, Lawrence, Esme, Yvonne and Averil; my aunt Lily who married Albert Walker; and Alice who died in infancy.
 My maternal grandfather, John Foulds also came of a Yorkshire family and was married in Bingley, Airedale, on 29.12.1877, to Jane Anderson.His cousin Edward Foulds had a printing business in the Main Road, Bingley.
Coincidentally a branch of the Foulds family had once lived in Midgley Township. Luddenden Church records reveal the death of Mary, daughter of Robert Foulds, the family had a small mill before John Murgatroyd started there in the worsted trade in 1840. He was followed by James Foulds who was a maker of fine piece goods and shared a room in Halifax Piece Hall - now alas used as vegetable stalls - with said John Murgatroyd of Warley.  James’s son Thomas Foulds bought Dean House Estate for £2,600 on 25.1.1820. Although Dean House cannot compare structurally with such Midgley houses as Kershaw House, Oats Royd and Brearley Hall for impressiveness, it has by virtue of families associated with it, either as owners or tenants a bearing on local history as important as the others.

The Halifax directory of 1845 includes Thomas Foulds among Midgley, farmers.  Before he died the following year, aged 90, he had directed that after the funeral there should be a dinner for 45 persons at the Lord Nelson Inn, Luddenden, kept by a relative, Ruth Wormald, and wrote his undertaker, William Patchett, "We had a sixpenny glass each, allowed by order of Thomas Foulds".12 His widow Frances lived at Dean House till her death in 1865.  It is now Murgatroyd property.  One of her granddaughters believed that they were descended from an oldYorkshire family, the Elizabethan Foldys.
My grandfather John Foulds was very musical.  There used to be a Foulds Band in those old days and during the celebrations at the coronation of Queen Victoria it played in the Bingley Market Place. According to an old Denholme resident's conversation with my grandfather, the people were regaled on teas and buns. The tea was drunk from 'Denholnie China' mugs and when the

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feast was ended the men tested the quality of the mugs by each striking his mug
against that of his neighbour to see 'which wor t' strongest"
The ophicleides, bugles, trombones, euphonium and so forth which constituted their instruments, are no more, some of them having gone to provide the 'Old Kent' or some such name given to the bits of brass which were stakes of a game popular among Bingley boys, a fact which John Foulds remembered with an asperity unusual in him.  He used to prepare the music score for the Band and this was copied by him in his fine handwriting. A Tom Bairstow of Bingley was a well-known composer of band pieces and my grandfather engraved one of the sweetest of his compositions on the headstone over his grave in the burial ground of the Congregational Church, of which, incidentally his cousin Edward Foulds was a trustee later.  It was in keeping with the nature of things that his cousin Robinson Foulds of the Brown Cow Inn should have been for some

time Band Steward of the Bingley Agricultural Show.  My grandfather attended many Brass Band contests and frequently alluded to the sensation which was
caused when the wonderful cornet player, John Paley, once failed to reach the
 top note when playing at the Crystal Palace

In the 18605, i.e. before the Education Act of 1870, the opportunities for education were limited.  In 1853 a new Bingley Grammar school had been built at a cost of £1 9000 but in a few years it had to be abandoned as it showed Bog, which gave the railway contractors so much trouble.  In 1863 another school was erected on a new site. My grandfather attended school in a room of the Brown Cow Inn across Ireland Bridge with a fellow student his cousin the above Robinson Foulds, whose people owned the inn, and ‘the most intemperate teetotaller' my grandfather ever knew. 13 What qualifications his teacher had for the education of the young beyond the gift of requisite penmanship, from which he benefited however, my grandfather was never able to discover   He remembered prolonged playtimes spent by the teacher in the bar room of the Inn however my grandfather had the spark of 'divine discontent' to continue his studies in his spare time.

In 1881, four years after their marriage, John Foulds sailed with his wife and two young children, Ada and Norman, for Cape Town where he entered business as a building contractor and brickmaker, owning the York and the Bingley brickfields at Green Point and Sea Point respectively.  Their first home was in Ebenezer Road, near Gallows Hill, till the family moved to the Main Road, Green Point, where he bought 'St Croix1, subsequently the York Hotel site but now demolished for flats.  Later he resided at "The Knoll':, Kloof Road, Sea Point, the old halfway house which he renovated on the Camps Bay tram route overlooking Bantry Bay.
My grandfather acquired no great wealth, deliberately avoiding the opportunities frequently offered in the course of his occupation ,14 no doubt due -----being able to make occasional return visit to the 'old country'.  Some of his undertakings were Garlick's Store, and the Heynes Matthew's building in Adderley Street, recently demolished, as well as additions to the Standard Bank. Incidentally it was not long after his arrival in the country that he was asked to visit Mulder’s Vlei, the farm of my future wife's father, James Starke, to assess fire damage to the homestead. John Foulds was one of the best known sportsmen in South African Bowling circles, being one of the founders of the Gardens Bowling Club and afterwards of the Green and Sea Point Club, of which he was the first green ranger, carrying out that labour of love for some ten years.  He was one of the Gardens team that won the South African Rink Championship at Port Elizabeth in 1907, and represented Sea Point at the Annual tournaments in 1911 and 1914. lie was a keen bowler and difficult to beat, especially at singles, being also a successful prize-winner in handicap events.  He was the first holder of the Singles Championship of the Three Anchor Bay Club, and later appeared three times in the final - once against his son Norman, who was also an accomplished

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bowler.  He took an active interest in the affairs of the club and served on the committee for many years, always contributing to the finances very liberally. He was president in 1910 and frequently captained teams on visits to the different centres of the Union.
First and foremost my grandfather was a church-worker and one of the main supporters of St John's Church from the time John Browning was-rector He held the position of churchwarden for a considerable period and contributed generously to the funds, to enable the church to pay the clergy's stipends and its other expenses.15  Other benefactors were his contemporaries, John Garlick and R. H. Morris, all three once residing alongside one another in Main Road Green Point, During forty-five years membership of the Choir his seat was seldom vacant.
On Easter Day, 1930, he took his place as usual and entered wholeheartedly into the service, but on the following Sunday when he was seen among the congregation, it was obvious something was seriously wrong and he passed away on Wednesday, 21st May.  His body was brought to the church the next day where the first half of the burial service was sung by a full choir with Mr Cooper at the organ.  The church was filled to capacity by his friends, including representatives from every Bowling club in the Cape Peninsula, which was clear testimony to his sterling character and kindly disposition.
As an Old Friend wrote
"His good example was an inspiration to all.  He was one of nature's true gentlemen who never refused anyone seeking help, and who never did anyone any harm.  What a fine password for any who might challenge him on his journey!''
The Archdeacon of Cape Town a previous Rector of St John's, read the lesson and Mr Blaxall, an old friend, and the Rev. H. Browning concluded the service in church.  Canon Deacon was present in the Choir stalls and among the vast congregation were also noticed Rev. B. Davies and the Rector of the Holy Redeemer, Sea Point, His body was interred at Woltemade, where his widow joined him nine years later.

Alone and far from home my father was fortunate in marrying into a family of real culture and social standing, and one which had so much in common with his own interests.16 John Foulds and his son Norman were also fond of games moreover there was a full size billiard table at St Croix where friends forgathered especially in winter.  Though the three daughters were not University graduates or athletically inclined - how many girls were in those days.' - they were not lacking other accomplishments. Both Ada and Mary were talented pianists and Lily a violinist, and they contributed to many an enjoyable musical evening at home, and elsewhere in their social circle. I remember those were the days before people frequented bioscopes and cocktail parties, and the home was the chief centre of social life and entertainment.  The men who came courting had to pull something special out of the bag in the way of social graces and my father found he had quite a pleasant singing voice, with practice

NOTES CHAPTER 11
1. Though now 94 years of age, she is in full possession of her faculties, even expert at solving the daily crossword puzzle. She used to support her eldest brother's stand on behalf of her mother, and the younger brothers Percy and Fred were loyal to him. My asunt Alice informed me that she first noticed the habit after her father had joined the freemasons but she admitted she had never seen him actually intoxicated!

2. Possibly some psychological explanation from the fact that he was the only surviving brother out of six, and the only one to marry and raise a family.

3.See page 1.

4. Marriage entry No. 127. Charles Knowlton M.A. was rector from 1753 to 1814.

5. Searcher D.H. Barron reports that the 'e' in Holmes appears to have been crossed out and that the address was Hanwood or Hainwood Hill, no doubt the same place as Harwood which was opposite Hainworth across the river Worth.

5a. In the smoothly running tide of affairs during Queen Victoria's long reign there was no indication that this new 20th century was to be one of unparalleled violence which wopuld all but tip the world from its axis and send it whirling to destruction. Scarcely a family escaped the toll of valuable lives, and ours was no exception in the field of honour. Henry Coward fell at Arras and Watson Walker miraculously survived long periods in the trenches. In World War II Uncle Percy Midgley lost his only son, cousin Bessie Humphreys a son and Will Summersvales a son: and my brother Bill survived three Italian and three German prisoner-of-war camps.

6. A Butterfield and Summerscales fought at Flodden Field- Speight p.134. Hilda's grandfather was T.C. Butterfield my Dad's art teacher, a well-known painter of water-colours of Yorkshire series. I inherited one of Ravenroyd farmyard from my Dad and Dorothy has given me two others by her father before he went blind in 1918, one from Marley Brow looking across the Aire to Morton and the other near Druid's Altar above Marley, Bingley.
Joseph Booth Summerscales J.P. was related to Sir Richard Summerscales, rector of Burnsall and priest to the Chantry, of Our Lady in the Parish Church of Giggleswick and buried there 30.3.1557.

7. George's son, Plateral Lawson Jaques died without issue. They were known for their benefactions and coinsiderate treatment of their employees.

8. Watson Walker fought in the trench warfare of the Battle of the Somme, July-Nov. 1916, the scene of the greatest British losses in History through some of the biggest muddling by the Headquarters and Staff.

.9. See report in 'Cape Times' 22.1.1938.

10. Elsie's brother Frank who never married died last year, 1969. Dr. Blakey is the head of British Imperial Plastics.

11.Sir Abe Batley's father emigrated from Keighley in Yorkshire and became a storekeeper in Queenstown. Abe was born at Cradock on 6.11.1864 and educated in Yorkshire. Some years later, James Rhodes left for New Zealand: His grandson, Peter Rhodes, a pharmacist is presently in South Africa. Salaries of 70 years ago have increased sevenfold today.

12. The custom of holding a wake was prevalent also in the Highlands whjere the death and interment were celebrated with drinking, feasting and games.

13.I was a welcome visitor there whenever I called in on my errands to Bingley from Marley Brow. The Brown Cow Inn off Ireland Bridge which crossed the River Aire at Bingley witnessed some exciting scenes during the Chartist agitation, previously referred to in Chapter 10. Under the factory system in the West Riding there was a fearful amount of suffering and distress, long hours of work, low wages and an abuse of female and child labour. Oatmeal porridge and potatoes formed the principal dietary of the factory operatives.. As fuel was dear, porridge was boiled for breakfast in the morning and if, as frequently happened, there was nothing but porridge again for dinner, it would be poured hot in a bottle, then corked and placed in the cottagers' beds to be kept warm until they returned at midday.. Dry oastbread and a piunt of mint tea, sweetened with treacle, was the customary evening meal.. Through the efforts of Richard Cobden and John Bright, the wheaten loaf became the the poor man's daily meal. The Corn Laws were repealed with the defeat ofd the Protectionists in May 1846 but werre not to be abrogated immediately in their entirety. The duty was to be reduced to 1s after the first of FEbruary 1849, but in the meantime it was to be 10s when corn averaged less than 48s a quarter, diminishing to 4s when the price was 53s or over.
The Petty Sessions presided over by Mr. Ferrand, the squire of St. Ives, were at that time held in the Justice Room at the Brown Cow, the room afterwards occupied by Mr. Charles Hogg as a shool-room. In May 1848, a wild, hungry crowd
of men, old and young, brandishing shillahs, pitchfork, sticks, and bars of wood and iron, anything they could hold and anything they could hold, came trooping into Bingley and every plug was drawn from the boilers in the mills. On the 28th two of the ringleaders were committed to York but were rescued by the 'physical force' party who hammered off their shackles at the smithy nearby. The squire was threatened with violence if not death, but when the mob advanced up the Harden Road he went to the Altar Road and so reached home unhurt.
Magistrate Ferrand then organised the forces of law and order including pensioners with old flintlock blunderbusses, thgough considerable doubt was expressed as toi wheather half the old match-locks would really go off properly if required, and the men had to put up with a good deal of badinage. The military were called in on further rioting and on the 31st May Mr. Ferrand arrested the principal agitators, many of whom were taken while at work in the mills. Sixteen prisoners were taken and committed to York and sent off by special train.
Vide Speight p.231 et. seq. Charlotte Bronte in her novel Shirley draws some vivid pictures of life at that stirring period.

14. The pursuit of money seems to be the religious creed of increasing numbers of people to-day! His stepbrother, Stephen  controlled York brickfield.

15. One of his forebears was a trusteee of the old Weslyan Methodist Church, Bingley in 1817. For the Canon Browning Memorial (Rector 1869-1909) John Garlick gave £250 and John Foulds £150.
My grandfather John Foulds first served as churchwarden under Canon Thomas Browning, Rector 1869-1909. Browning was born in 1830, educated at Trinity College, Glasgow, and came out to South Africa when he was 26. At first he was a tutor at the Diocesan College, Rondebosch, and then became first rector of Clanwilliam at the special request of Bishop Gray.
When he came to St. John's in 1869 the congregation included people who lived ion their dignified old houses built in the old Dutch style round about Adderley Street, Burg Street, Long Street, Loop Street and Buitengracht Street. The church was a haven for poor fisherfolk who lived around in Sea Street, Fish Lane, Progress Lane, Waterkant Street, Michau Street, Jarvis Street, Riebeck Street and Prestwich Street, most of which have ceased to exist as residential areas to-day.
With a parish which extended to the end of Green Point, including the new and old Somerset Hospital of which he was Chaplain, with the convict station in addition to St. John's with its school and pastoral work, it was no wonder as he got older that the Canon found the work increasingly hard: "I sorely need an assistant Priest but I have not sufficient income to offer". Four times a week for 25 years Thomas Browning walked down to the Breakwater convict station for whose spiritual charge he was appointed by the Government.
This convict station provided the labour for the building of the breakwater which Mr. Gladstone had urged as a need for the protection of shipping in Table Bay during the winter gales, in terms of a despatch from the Governor of the Cape in 1846. So in 1860 Prince Albert, later Duke of Edinburgh, ceremonially began the work. In his 'Tavern of the Seas' Lawrence Green devotes half a dozen pages to this prison: "For human misery in the mass and over a long periodI suppose there has never been anything in South Africa to match the Breakwater prison. Some of the warders are still living- the evidence is abundant. For more than a century, white (many I.D.B. cases), coloured and native prisoners toiled in the quarries (where huge oil tanks are now housed), and harbour, carrying out one gigantic task after another. The prison became one of the most feared in the world, a place that ranked in the criminal mind with Dartmoor and Devil's Island. You can still see form an idea of the terrors of this prison by walking through the open gate in Portswood Road and gazing at the treadmills and the solitary confinement cells.......".
R.H. Morris devoted a lifetime to St. John's Church and before his 95th year deposited £900 with the Diocesan Trustees for the use of the Church. His son later Dr. Ritchie Morris, my cousin John Foulds, who later ,married Jenny daughter of Dr. Symington, and I were choir boys under Mr. Ghey, who was an organist and choirmaster 1903-'15.
This parish church was built on its site at the corner of Long and Waterkant Streets in 1848 during the period of the first
 Mewtropolitan Bishop of Capetown, the Most Rev. Robert Gray, 1847-'72, with the Rev. and Hon. Henry Douglas its first priest in charge. 1848-'53 has just been sold for R791,000, vide Cape Times 28.2.70. It is situated in the valuable fringe area of the Foreshore where vast building developments have been taking place, the Trust Centre, Mobil House, and B.P. Centre, shortly and where large cinemas will be re-built.. Alas, since the implementation of the Group Areas Act many of the coloured members of the congregation have been shifted to resettlement areas. So times change!

16.The foillowing is a reference to his son, my uncle Norman's prowess as a bowler. In ther period between the wars (1918-1939) the dominating figures in South African Bowls were probably Norman Foulds, James Donaldson, Frank Stevenson, Bob Ferguson and N.S. Snowy Walker. Fouldfs was for many years second only to John Johnston in the Western Province. He had an ideal personality, and studied the game as an art of strategy; yet he was the most modest of champions. Foulds played first for Green and Seapoint (1908) then for Pretoria City (where he won the Transvaals Singles Championship) and finally for Camps Bay. While a member for the last mentioned club, he won (the Western Province Singles title) the National Singles title in the Jubilee Year of Bowls at Port Elizabeth in 1932, and was a member of the Souyh African team in Britain three years later.
Vide A.C. Partridge's "Thus the bowl should run" pp.30-31. Hugh Keartland Publishers 1969.. The interpolations in parentheses are mine. My uncle Norman used to say there was a greater element of luck in bowls than any other game he had played, but over a series the really better bowler must win. His father John Foulds was also a foundation member of the Camps Bay Bowling Club 1920.

17.The bowling crowd alone were very musical and an entertaining set of people, including the Cooks, Dichmonts, Jacks, Ovenstones, Scotts and Wightmans, whose son Cecil became famous for his 'Snocktown Calling'.

18.It is sad to reflect that there is nw no direct male member of our branch of the Midgleys in Yorkshire who has a son to succeed him. The female members I met, who have needless to say married into other families to the great advantage of the latter, have all impressed me as vital personalities. They have not abdicated the throne of women as have too many of their sex in this world.
Throughout my narrative I have made no deliberate distinction between the sexes, treating them as one and the same. It is, of course largely the story of a man-ruled world with woman the legally inferior sex until this mid 20th cventury. Nevertheless I have acknowledged when women were at the helm of State down the ages from the Brigantian Queen Cartimandua and the Iceni Queen Boudicca. Woman owed a great deal to the Age of Chivalry at its best and to the long reigns of Elizabeth I (1558-1603) and Victoria (1837-1901). See note 15 Chapter 5.

Superstitions handed down unchallenged by our ancestors from the ages of Barbarism took a long time a-dying. The harsh treatment of scolds long persisted and similarly the belief in witchcraft. As late as the 17th C the witch-hunt had been set on foot by James I himself backed by the credulous Parliament, Masgistracy and Bench. The 'sport' had reached its height during the Civil War under grim Puritan rule and it was only late that century that the persecution of witches died out in England.
In 1756 Parliament repealed the already obsolete law that condemned a witch to die. Re scolds see note 25 Chapter 6.
In the second half of the Victoian Era Women's Colleges were founded at Oxford and Cambridge and women's secondary status was much improved. The Married Women's property Act released the wife, if she had money of her own from economic bondage to her husband. The 'equality of the sexes' began to be advocated in theory, and found its way increasingly into the practice of all classes. The demand for the political enfranchisement of women was the outcome of the very considerable degree of social enfranchisement already accomplished. G.M. Trevelyan and Mill's 'Subjection of Women' 1869..
In his book 'Ther Abductors' Stuart Cloete presents an authentic account of the fight during that era of W.T. Stead, Booth of the Salvation Army and others against prostitution and the White Slave traffic in English girls and for the amendment of the Criminal Law Act.
I have neither read nor seen anything to contradict that generally Yorkshiremen have always treated their womenfolk with proper respect, due no doubt to the strength of their religious upbringing.. And so they should. Man is conceived in her womb, she brings him forth and gives him suck. She is the very life and soul of the family and society.
However so many women to-day from adolescence are cheapening themselves and losing that respect due to their sex by apeing men, taking on their evils, their trivialities and childishness, by becoming enamoured of their bodies and arousing the lust of men. By this promiscuity she is in effect betraying her sex and becoming a slave, and not the emancipated woman as she believes. By neglecting her home and her children for her pleasures she is losing their regard. Let us hope that sanity and former standards of decency so disrupted by two World Wars will soon return.
I commend to the reader Taylor Caldwell's 'A Pillar of Iron' in which she gives 'inter alia' a conversation between Helvia and her son Cicero, replete with mother's comments on her sex, and the sertious shortcomings of the 'modern' Roman woman on the eve of the collapse of the Republic. Cicero was assassinated in B.C. 43, the year after Julius Caesar. These are equally applicable to-day.

When my father transferred from the House of Assembly to introduce the recording in Shorthand of the proceedings in the Supreme Court in 1903, his salary was £500 p. a. This arduous post enjoyed a compensatory perquisite of sales of typed records of cases to the legal fraternity and whomsoever desired them. Towards the end of the first World War this supplementary source of income was withdrawn and he was offered an alternative post as Assistant Registrar and Taxing officer of the Supreme Court on a slightly increased basic salary.  In 1921 he was transferred to Bloemfontein and six years later to Grahamstown as Registrar and High Sheriff of the Supreme Court, Eastern Districts Local Division, retiring on pension in 1930,
In the Supreme Court, Grahamstown, on 8th July the Judge PLesident

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(Sir Thomas Graham) announced my father's retirement and paid a high tribute to his capabilities, remarking that “He had won the hearts of all by his genial manner and his readiness to help at all times.  It was a pity that with his attainments and physique he should be shelved.  He seemed to have discovered the secret of perpetual youth, but, having reached the age of sixty, he had to retire”:
Mr. Gardener, K. C. on behalf of the Bar and Side-Bar, associated himself with these remarks. In his own office the members of the Side-Bar assembled afterwards and here Sir Cuthbert Whiteside paid a fine tribute to
"the excellent services he had rendered and the generous manner in which he had co-operated with them.  He had been over 32 years in the service and there could not have been a more cordial feeling than had existed since he came to Grahamstown. He had been firm in the discharge of his duties, but had exercised the greatest charm, and always been open to argument, and had listened to what they had to say.  Whatever decision he had given was the decision he thought it his duty to give. He had won a very warm corner in the hearts of the attorneys of the town."2

In replying, my father regretted that the parting had come so soon. He had just become accustomed to the ways of the practitioners of the town and had found them as pleasant as they had been straightforward. He was chiefly sorry to be leaving the service because he was thus placed in a less advantageous position for doing what little he could in the direction of bringing about uniformity of rules and practice and tariffs of attorneys1 fees throughout the Supreme Courts of the Union.  Incidentally the mother of Sir Cuthbert Whiteside was a Foulds, and her father came from Long Lee, Keighley.

Speaking of Keighley, Yorkshire, reminds me that in 1938 my father was very pleased to meet again one of his contemporaries in that town, and then on a visit to the Union, in the person of Alex Keighley, who had lavished much kindness on him in the days of his youth.  Alex was a noted British photographer, best known for his large-scale Bromoil prints, though he also did painting in pastels.  He was a member of the original Linked Ring, which evolved into the London Photographic Salon, later was an Honorary Fellow of the Royal Photographic Society, one of the three founders of the Photographic Alliance, a past president of the Photographic Convention of the United Kingdom, and president of the Yorkshire Photographic Union. They did not see much of each other as Alex Keighley was on a planned tour, nevertheless this brief renewal of youthful associations must have compensated for the fact that my father was never able to re-visit his birthplace during his retirement.3
A life of inactivity had no attraction for him, but fortunately his reputation for competence such that his services were frequently in demand, and he was even acting as registrar of the Circuit Court at the advanced age of 75. He was a great friend of Judge Gane, whom I met at his funeral service in the Grahamstown Cathedral in 1961.  Together they visited the Augrabies Falls in 1932 and my father later acted as his registrar from time to time during the War years.  The Judge suffered a great personal loss in the death of two sons up north during World War II.  My father was troubled on occasions as he approached eighty years of age by a painful rheumaticky left knee and was not able to accompany the Judge on long walks as formerly, much to the disappointment of the latter.
About this time at the request of Judge Gardner and Tom Bowker M. P. the President and Vice-president respectively of the 1820 Settlers’ Association, my father acted as Secretary for some months in order to put on a better footing the affairs of the Grahamstown Branch, which had become somewhat chaotic by neglect.  Actually he welcomed this task and found relief from the boredom experienced on giving up the periodically active post of Registrar of the Circuit Court. He enjoyed delving into the records and found much of interest in making
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the affairs of the Branch shipshape once more.
During 1941, at the age of 71, he accompanied Pittman J. P. as registrar of the Circuit Court.  The Court sat at Butterworth, Umtata and Kokstad in March and April, returning to Graham stown in May for the Fingo Celebrations near Peddie.  During September and October he went with the Court to Uitenhage, Graaff Reinet, Cradock, Aliwal, Cala, Queenstown and East London.  He repeated the perambulation with Pittman in 1944 and 1945, and acted as Secretary to the Commission at the Kowie in between.

My father had quite an experience at first in working with the J. P. whose temper was somewhat unpredictable owing to a gastric ulcer.  He refused to be browbeaten during a busy circuit with the result that they became 'quite pally' and the Judge had his playful little digs.  On one occasion the J. P. was coming down the office steps, whilst the Registrar of the Supreme Court and my' father were waiting at the bottom, and remarked to the Registrar
"Don't you remember the law which prohibits you from employing anyone in the Court who is over 100 years old?" To which the' latter replied: "Your lordship forgets the exception in favour of the man who works all week and plays 36 holes of golf on Sunday".'
On another my mother was greatly tickled one evening when she and my father were going home from the Hotel after taking dinner, and the J. P. who was also coming away after dinner, remarked “There go the pair of old lovers.”
When not actively engaged on Court duties my father devoted much time to tracing and studying the remains of primitive man. This was the outcome of a firm friendship he had formed with Dr John Hewitt, the Director of the Albany Museum where he spent many happily busy hours.  I have in my possession the voluminous notes and sketches he made. together they used to investigate rock shelters, caves and excavation sites in the district and collected a good deal of important duplicate material. ⁴
So much for an outline of his career in the Public Service and after his official retirement on pension.  What of his other activities and interests, and of the man as a father?. Unfortunately during the important formative years of adolescence I was at boarding school in England.  Of the early years there are certain memories and impressions but as my father was not particularly communicative about incidents of interest, high lights or otherwise in his past life, I would have been completely in the dark on many of these matters had his diaries and private papers not come into my possession on his death.  It was rare for him to reminisce as do some ageing people with increasing years.  He knew his own limitations, was naturally modest and so never attempted to boast about or dwell on his own achievements, though he was a good all-round sportsman for instance.
I do remember something of those early days from my own experiences and what I have been told.  Though he was a busy man both in the Assembly and later at the Supreme Court, my father kept up his sporting activities because he always believed in the importance of physical fitness, the more so in view of the sedentary nature of his work. At the same time he did not neglect his domestic duties as a father of the first three children arriving at regular intervals in 1900, '02 and '04, especially as my mother was not particularly interested in out-door activities, not even in picnics.  On one occasion during a cricket match at the Track - my father was captain of the Green Point second team when not playing for the first - I had been placed in his charge but had wandered about and become suddenly ill from eating some berries. He had to rush me to the Somerset Hospital nearby where a stomach pump did the necessary. On another occasion I accompanied him on the old 'Peter Faure' to Robben Island where a tennis match had been arranged with the warders of the Leper institution.
In his middle thirties my father joined the Three Anchor Bay Tennis Club, captaining the first team in the Grand Challenge Competition till World War I broke out. I remember being fascinated by the miniature volcanoes that
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appeared on the surface of the asphalt courts on hot days.  I imagine that my younger brother, Cecil, and I must have been the bane of his life as our custodian wandered on to the track and was sent flying by one of the machines.  We were always up to mischief whatever the prohibitions and on one occasion I was lucky to pull my brother out of the deep water tank in the garden of St Croix.  It is a miracle we escaped permanent injury riding our Heath Robinson go-carts down York Road.⁵

There was no molly-coddling in the home at Green Point.  Fads and fancies were not tolerated.  'Early to bed and early to rise' was the rule, and we had regular chores to perform.  There was no place for the idleness 'which begat 'shirt sleeves to shirt sleeves or clogs to clogs in three generations'. We had to walk to and from school at S.4. C. S.  As a further indication of his Spartan approach when we spent some months once at Camps Bay, my father would not give us the return fare over Kloof Nek so we had to elect whether we used the single tram fare either on the inward or on the outward journey   My mother used to report our transgressions to my father on his return home and I do not think he could have enjoyed chastising us in cold blood. But my mother was adamant. I often wonder whether my father's idea in taking and leaving me overseas had not some method in its madness   It was then he concentrated on playing golf becoming Captain of the Metropolitan Club and playing to a fairly low handicap, which was a tribute to his application at a somewhat advanced age for a beginner. He enjoyed playing bowls at Grahamstown in his later years until his eyesight failed.
Though my father never excelled as a star performer, he achieved a degree of competence above the average because of his studious and methodical approach to games, to which his voluminous notes on the games he played, particularly golf, in my possession amply testify.  He patented a bowling machine designed to help the batsman play good length bowling, but the introduction of spin and pace into the mechanism eluded him as it has done other experimenters since.  There was nothing slipshod in his approach to either work or play and he gave up playing cricket in favour of tennis when he could no longer do justice to himself and the team as a slip fielder.  He left me the handsome Luxury Cigarette Cup which his team won during the 1903 - 4 season.
It was only recently I ascertained that he had been Honorary Secretary of the Western Province Cricket Union when it was resuscitated after the Boer War, and served in that capacity for four years from 1902 till 1905 until pressure of Court work compelled his resignation. I immediately recognised his immaculate handwriting when I was allowed to consult the Union's Minute Book. Those bygone records make interesting reading.  In the match between Mother country and Colonial born sides in 1902 he was down to play for the former under H. Hands, J.A, Reid leading the latter. In that year the first teams of Australians, Robben Island, Docks and RA.M. Corps were admitted to the Junior Championship.  In 1903 it is noted that the Pennant Championship Cup was to be presented to Norman Foulds, my uncle, representing the Green Point Club. Other clubs in this league were Clydes, Progressives, Caledonians, Remingtons and Mouille Point.  In 1904 M. Bisset led Western Province against Eastern Province at Newlands during which game a band was engaged for musical entertainment   In 1905 a match was arranged between Professionals and Amateurs.  On his retirement from the Secretaryship a special vote of thanks for his services was recorded, and C. H. Simpson was appointed, Secretary and Treasurer at a salary of £25 p.a.
Only recently also did I become aware of another facet of his active and energetic nature.  While I was overseas I knew that he frequently went climbing up Table Mountain with my brother and sister, but until I read "Gone down the Years", which was written on his retirement as Editor of the 'Cape Times' by G. H. Wilson, who was also born in the West Riding, I was in complete ignorance of the following episode,

"One Sunday morning in 1898 Frank Midgley, a colleague of mine on the "Cape Times", and I set out to do one of our usual climbs on Table Mountain with the intention of completing it in a couple of hours, and we went out very lightly clad in zephyr vests without food and without whisky (sic). When we were at the top of the mountain and not more than two hundred yards from the poort into Platteklip Gorge, one of the heaviest mists I have ever seen came down upon us.  Though we were both very familiar with the mountain we found ourselves absolutely isolated, and though we cast about for an hour or more in an effort to find a means of descent, we literally could not see our hands in front of us.  In the bitter cold we both became fairly exhausted, and huddled together, to try and keep some kind of warmth in our bodies - we were rapidly freezing to death.  Suddenly out of the fog there walked straight on us two men, who found us just in time, and who were armed with whisky flasks. They undoubtedly saved our lives. Strangely, both the men who came upon us out of the fog were shortly afterwards fugitives from justice. One of them I will call M, and a few days later he was to join the staff of the "Cape Times” as sports editor, in curious circumstances." That the Cape Peninsula mountains with the magnificent panorama from the heights drew him like a magnet, as it did many other enthusiasts, including General Smuts later, is understandable. When I was a student at Varsity I occasionally climbed the mountain - once in a party with Hopemill girls including my future wife and her sister Lydia whom I had just come to know. On another occasion my oldest school friend Ewald Borchers and I climbed Lion's Head and Table Mountain via India face, both easy routes, before noon. Incidentally I was also Qnce caught in a fog and thoroughly scared when somewhat foolhardily on the mountain alone.
As will have appeared my father was not very communicative about his own past, except at odd moments unobtrusively to illustrate a point he had made, but never laboured, for my benefit on my return from overseas. Some of his mildly admonitory Yorkshire sayings persist: 'See all, hear all, say nowt' and 'Look after the pennies and the shillings will look after themselves' and similar advice from which I could have profited.⁶  I particularly remember his mentioning three subjects, not without their moral, relating to his earlier years in Cape Town.
On one occasion my father, who was not a betting man, had heard Of my punting at the races and mentioned the following experience.  One Saturday morning when he was down to report on the local race meeting he was given money by a colleague on the "Cape Times" to place on a certain horse running in the first race that afternoon.  It so happened that he was delayed and missed the first race only to find that the horse in question had won.  As a substantial sum was involved and fearing that his explanation might not be accepted, he decided to plunge.  Fortunately at the end of the meeting he left sufficiently in pocket, but the experience had proved so nerve-racking that he vowed never again to be associated with betting.
While reading history at the University I was once discussing Cecil Rhodes, with whom my father had been acquainted during his Assembly days. He mentioned that at the time of the Jameson Raid it was long suspected at the 'Cape Times' that something of the nature was 'on the go'   Nor for that matter was Paul Kruger in the dark!  Though he admired Rhodes for the way he endeavoured to rehabilitate himself, he deprecated filibustering: 'Those who play with fire must expect to be burnt' when plans go awry and 'Does the end justify the means?'
On another occasion when we were referring to questions of kicking against the pricks in life and of not suffering fools gladly, he remarked that had

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he not resigned from the Assembly staff on account of an impossibly officious
bumptious and not too competent superior, he might have gone far in that service; can one change one's innate character and tolerate things foreign to one's nature and convictions?  Midgleys appear always to have been characterised by a spirit of forthright independent thinking, and they have never been lickspittles to further their ends.7
One lasting impression survives.  However disappointed or annoyed I may have been at any time, and no doubt I for one oft gave him just cause, father never lost his temper.  As part of his strict self-discipline, he believed in moderation and practised it always within my experience.
As a good ‘Paterfamilias' he showed an interest in his children's doings and encouraged whatever talent they revealed.  Both parents must have been ambitious for our welfare otherwise why should they have planned at some personal sacrifice for unworthy me, for instance the higher education which they themselves never enjoyed.  However 'the best laid schemes of mice an' men gang aft agley'.⁸

The children of Franklin and Ada Midgley nee Foulds were, in order their arrival myself, Cecil, Enid, William and Norman.  My father was named after Sir John Franklin of Arctic exploration fame, myself after my father and my maternal grandfather, Cecil after Cecil John Rhodes, and William after William Greenwood a family forbear.
My brother Cecil married Kathleen Hopkinson of Bloemfontein with issue one daughter Enid, who married Peter Sash and they have two sons, Jeremy and Jolyon.  Like his father Cecil had a flair for ball games and excelled at Soccer, Cricket and Golf.
Before leaving Bloemfontein he represented the Orange Free State in the Currie Cup Soccer Tournaments from 1923 to 1925. He won the Beira golf championship in 1927
being rated plus-one, and finished runner-up in the Rhodesian golf championship

Royal Salisbury in 1929.  In 1928 he joined the Imperial Tobacco Company of Great Britain and Ireland as an accountant in Nyasaland where he spent most of married life, returning on his retirement to Cape Town in 1958. He has been Nyasaland golf champion seven times, winning the title for the first time in 1931 and for the last time in 1956. He was a regular member of the Nyasaland cricket team from 1928 to 1953, and its one-time captain.

My only sister Enid studied the violin under Ellie Marx before marrying David Retief and they have one son, Graham.  My youngest brothers William and Norman finished off their schooling at St Andrew's, Bloemfontein, where I was Matriculation form master,  Bill then proceeded to take a B.Sc. degree at Grey University College and joined the S. A. R. & H. service, whilst Norman joined the Standard Bank becoming later the Manager at Grahamstown and now at North End, Port Elizabeth. Bill married Minnie de Swardt with issue two sons, Frank and Kenneth;⁹ whilst Norman married Edna de Bruyn, a widow with two sons, Daryl and Leonard.  Norman matured into a first class tennis player, winning the Eastern Province Singles Championship and representing that Province and Border also in doubles and mixed doubles events.¹⁰
During World War II William was commissioned in Armoured Cars and served in the North African campaign until taken in the bag at Tobruk, 1942, subsequently passing through three Italian and three German prisoners-of-war camps until released by the American in 1945, On his return to the Union and while staying at Plumstead, he met the secretary of my School committee, Robert Bertram, a former accountant in the S. A. R. & H.  During World War I Bob had served as a sergeant with the South African Forces in France and been captured at Delville Wood in 1916.  In the course of their reminiscences it came about that they had been in the same prisoner-of-war camp on the Lahn.  On his brother’s capture Norman joined up and took part in the operations leading to the expulsion of the Germans from Italy.

NOTES CHAPTER 12
1. Endacott's Daily Mail, Grahamstown, Tuesday 8.7.1930 and Eastern Province Herald, Port Elizabeth, 10.7.1930.

2. Endacott's Daily Mail, Grahamstown, Tuesday 9.7.1930. Sir Cuthbert Whiteside died at Knysna on 25.10.1969. While mayor of Grahamstown he was knighted by the Prince of Wales on hisa visit to South Africa in 1924.

3. The Keighley and Midgley families must have been very old friends, for Joshua Keighley was a witness to the marriage of John Midgley and Ann Holmes, 30.7.1759, see p.59.
In the limited time available during his visit in 1912 my father introduced me to some of his former associates, but conditions in wartime England soon disrupted all normal social intercourse. I have a copy still of W.M. Thackeray's 'The Virginians' given to me one Xmas by R. Calverley Esq., one of his school friends and later a mayor of Keighley, as well as photographs of him and his wife in their robes of office. I have also a copy of Sir Percy FitzPatrick's 'Jock of the Bushveldt', of the first year of its publication, given to me by Edith Barton, the only child of old Keighley friends of the family, and her husband J.D. Reinhallt-Jones who was later President of the S.A. Institute of Race Relations until his death in 1953. My father used to find time of an evening to read from this remarkable book to his Likkle People. Fred Sharpe, the Andersons and Wrights were among other old Keighley friends I met.

4.Dr. John Hewitt died in the same year as my father, 1961, followed by his widow in 1969. Their son Dr. F.J. Hewitt is Vice-President of the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, and a daughter Florence taught our youngest daughter Yverne at Wynberg Girls' High where she was Vice-Principal.

5. On our recent trip overseas Cousin Bessie said my father graphically described the incident in a letter to his mother, complementing me on my presence of mind. On one occasion my foot was impaled by a six inch nail at Scott's Kinmundy tennis court.

6. A fool despiseth his father's correction Proverbs Chap. XV, verse 5.

7. See references to the Midgley parsons pages 38-40.

8.My father wrote regularly keeping in touch with his children until his eyesight began to fail. I have kept a number of his letters to me even from my schooldays, advising, admonishing and complimenting whenever he thought necessary. His correction was never resented, he believed Meredith quoted by Winston Graham:
"Keep the young generation in hail
and bequeath them no tumbled house"
Much of the trouble with youth of recent decades is due to doting parents irresponsibly giving their offspring
too much rope too young, thus proving their unfitness to be parents? Is it not axiomatic that no thing is really appreciated unless one earns it?
Without proper parental care and guidance children may find themselves unable to cope with and adapt themselves to the normal state of society, and the resultant sense of inferiority and insecurity may drive them back to seek compensation in revolt. To-day with psychiatry explaining away this crime, transgression, or that, so that there's nothing, no behaviour for which it hasn't got the rangeof excuses, anything to take the blame off the person who has done it, and that's a thoroughly bad thing. In terms of explanations it isn't really the fault of the criminal offender at all, and when he is committed to prison he is left with the feeling that he hasn't done anything wrong at all, but that society has misunderstood him.
Once we feel that we are not responsible for our actions, or at least for yielding to the desires that prompt the actions, then it is an end to the meaning of good and evil as we've always understood them, and an end to moral laws as an influential tool. There are some values  that are absolute or as near as can be in this world. If a man doen't perceive them he's a fool. If he perceives them and ignores them, he's a knave. There aren't two ways of thinking about it. See a conversation in the same author's 'The Little Walls'.

Graham Retiet recently maried Cecily Ford
Bill and Min were divorced and he married Irene.

............ and Norman inherited their father's natural  aptitude for games, which I did not have to the same degree but like him was uninterested in the administrative side. At school I did gain my XI and XV Colours. At University I concentrated on  hockey, being Captain of the first team and a member of the Students' Representative Council 1921. Subsequently I was a founder and the first Hon. Secretary of the Soth African Men's Hockey Union 1925, also representing the O.F.S. in the Inter-Provincial tournaments from 1926 to 1930. I played for the Technical College Cricket XI in the Western Province Senior Competition until incapacitated by an old Rugby injury to my left knee.

CHAPTER 13

It was while I was articled to a firm of attorneys and studying at the University of Cape Town that I met my future wife Thelma Starke the third and youngest daughter of James Starke of Mulder's Vlei and Maria Kotze.  Our engagement was announced when I graduated M. A. in 1921.1 Thelma completed the B. A. degree and Teacher's Diploma course in 1923 and we were married in December of the following year.
On her mother's side my wife is descended from forbears who sailed from Holland and became notable burghers at the Cape and in the newly proclaimed district of Stellenbosch in the second half of the 17th century. Maria Jacoba -Christina Kotze was the daughter of Jan van Schoor Jurgen Kotze born 29.3.1834 and Gesie Laubscher born 12.7.1845, who were married in 1861. Maria's father was a direct descendant of Jan Kotze, born on 15.1.1652 at Konigstein in Saxony, who married Hildegonda Boone of Rotterdam and landed at the Cape in 1691.²
Gesie Laubscher, who incidentally lived to the age of 104, was the daughter of Constant Johannes Laubscher b. 27.7.1800 and Huibrecht Johanna Elisabeth Coetsee b. 18.8.1802. Constant was a direct descendant of Nikolaus Laubscher (or Loubser), born in 1645 in Switzerland, who married Engeltje Quint of Leersum, near Utrecht, and landed at the Cape in 1676.
Elisabeth Coetsee was the daughter of Dirk Coetsee b. 23.11.1766 and Anna Francina de Klerk b. 13.12.1772 who were married on 19.10.1788. Dirk was a direct descendant of Dirk Coetsee b. 1655 of Kampen who married Sara van der Schulp of Amsterdam and landed at the Cape in 1679.

Some particulars of these ancestral families at the Cape may prove interesting reading. No more detailed source of Kotze origins is needed than that provided in the memoirs of Sir John Kotze, who was a first cousin of Jan van Schoor Jurgen Kotze above mentioned.  Sir John had a remarkable career serving on the Transvaal Bench for twenty years, for most of this time Chief Justice of the Republic3 until Paul Kruger forced his dismissal for political reasons in 1897. He then returned to the Cape Colony becoming in turn Judge President of the Eastern Districts Court Grahamstown, where he originally practised as an advocate, and of the Supreme Court, Cape Town.  He finally retired from the Appellate Division of the Union in 1927.
The record of the Kotze family dates as far back as the year 1234. In the following century Hermann Kotze attained the dignity of knighthood and became the owner of valuable estates, as well as of the fortified castle at Ammendorf. In this 15th century his grandson, Hans Kotze,'possessed much land, for he was lord of several manors and seignories, including the castle of Gross Germersleben, near Magdeburgh, which he acquired in the year 1489, and which became the chief seat of the head of the house of Kotze. No fewer than four sons of another Hans Kotze, a descendant of the Hans above-mentioned, fought under Conde against Alva in France and in the Netherlands, and eventually fell on the field of honour in 1567 - 8.
A member of this family, Jan Kotze of Konigste in, who settled at Buyksloot near Amsterdam, where he was a burgher and merchant is the ancestor of the Kotze clan in South Africa  On the 1st of January, 1690, he married the above mentioned Hildegonda, daughter of Dirk Boone, minister of the Church at Rotterdam, and of Beletje van Galen, sister to the famous Dutch admiral, Jan van Calen, who destroyed an English squadron off Livorno in 1653.
This is a reference to a minor engagement off Leghorn, Italy, in the Mediterranean during the first of three naval wars fought during the 17th century between the rival maritime trading powers of Holland and England, and sparked off 'inter alia' by the Navigation Act of 1651. Incidentally Jan van Riebeeck's expedition arrived safely at the Cape on 6th April, 1652, before hostilities opened in earnest and before Blake initially secured the mastery of the Channel until his defeat by Tromp off Dungeness in Nov. 1652.  That year closed badly for England elsewhere than in the Channel for the Dutch established

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decisive superiority in the Mediterranean where the English Levant trade was at their mercy.  Subsequent defeats of van Tromp off Portland and his death in the action off Taxal later in 1658 forced the Dutch to agree to Cromwell’s peace
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in the ship ‘Pampas' and reached Table Bay on 13th May, 1691. In the following year their only son Dirk was born. Jan Kotze went back to Europe in 1698 where he settled his affairs and returned to the Cape in 1701. In August of the following year his wife died and in January, 1704, he remarried,a second wife being Hendrina van Hoeting of Amsterdam, by whom he had 4 children. This second marriage is recorded as the first marriage that took place in the new Dutch Church in Adderley Street, Cape Town, known ;afterwards as the 'Groote Klerk'.
Dirk's grandson, Johannes Jacobus Kotze, b. 12.4.1767, the 2nd father of above-mentioned J. van S. J. Kotze who married Gesie Laubscher, was a successful farmer, who owned several properties at Blaauwberg and also farmed at Melkbosch.  Blaauwberg was a grain and cattle farm where horses were also bred. In his 'Journal of a Visit to the Cape' 1815 - 6, page 296, the Rev.
C. I. Latrobe gives a description of the homestead which was situated some seventeen miles by cart from Cape Town. He wrote:

"Mr Kotze's house at Blauberg is one of the best in the country and elegant in its arrangements and furniture. Everything in it is conducted with great order.”

Accordjng to Lawrence Green, Sir John Kotze, who lived to ninety, used to tell me stories of his grandfather.  Once a party of convicts stole a boat, escaped from Robben Island, and were reported to have landed near Melkbosch. Grandfather Kotze and his foreman Brink went out armed, on horseback  They rounded up a dozen convicts, marched them to the farmhouse, and sent a trooper to Cape Town for an escort. When Lord Charles Sopier set was Governor at the Cape he was fond of hunting and occasionally visited the farm.
Although he could not speak Dutch and J. J. Kotze did not understand English, the Governor conversed with the latter's wife Johanna, nee van Asten, in French, she was a cultured woman.
The first Laubscher or Loubser, Nikolaus, who came to the Cape 1676 - 7 was according to all accounts a crack shot.  When the first Fair was introduced at Stellenbosch in 1686, on the birthday of the Governor Simon er Stel, a target shooting competition was instituted to improve the marksmanship of the frontier burghers. The target was the figure of a parrot, fixed upon a pole in the centre of a circle with a radius of eighteen metres.  The competitors shot from the perimeter in the order they paid their subscriptions, the equivalent of is for Stellenbosch residents and 45 for others.  The great prize was given to him who knocked off the rump and so destroyed the whole figure.  Nikolaus is reputed to have won the first prize   The first occasion he participated and won the farm Vissershoek near. Vbanville. As £5 was paid by the honourable Company plus whatever subscription money was on hand to the winner, this sounds credible.  Subsequent1y he is said to have won more farms in this manner.

Constant Loubser's wife Huibrecht Johanna Elisabeth Coetsee was in 1802 on the farm Langkloof or Grootkloof in the Piketberg district.
Her grandfather Jacobus or Koos Coetsee, born 1730, married Maria Margaretha  Koete, born 1736, on 6.1.1754. She was a direct descendant of the Jacob Koete (Kloeten) who arrived at the Cape apparently with Jan van Riebeeck in 1752 and, as one of the first Free Burghers, obtained a farm along the Liesbeeck River on 10.10.1657. Koos Coetsee is reputed to have been a great elephant hunter and the first white man to go as far as and over the Orange River, then known as the Groot River.4 His grandfather Dirk Coetsee had been granted the farm Coetsenberg in the Stellenbosch district by Simon van der Stel in ? and he also owned Assagai Bosch in Jonkershoek.  In 1687 he was a ?emraad and in 1706 Captain of the Stellenbosch infantry.

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1806 - the year of the second British occupation of the Cape -Constant Laubscher was sent after his father's death to Cape Town to be educated at "Tot Nut van 't Algemeen" founded during the recent rule of the Batavian Republic at the Cape, and the precursor of the South African College. He stayed with Godfried Watermeyer who was his guardian from 1806 till 1814. Watermeyer had arrived as a soldier in the last years of the Company's rule and became assistant to the H. 0.1. K. and "Gesworen kierk ter weeskamer". Thereafter till he was 21 Constant stayed with his sister Cecilia and worked in the Magistrate's Office. Cecilia had married Henry Murphy of Waterford who was the first English Magistrate in Cape Town.  As in the meantime his mother had sold the farm Langrietvlei to Jan Kotze, he had to start as a farmhand (kneg) at Kersfontein owned by Martin Melck, whose second wife was Constant's aunt, Maria Rosina Loubser, widow of Hercules Malan.  The farm was her portion from her previous marriage. Incidentally Melck had already collected Elsenburg and Mulders Vlei through his first marriage to the widow of Johann Giebeler!

After Constant's marriage his father-in-law, also a Dirk Coetsee, gave him part of his farm Matjiesfontein.  Subsequently he bought his own farm Klipfontein with the help of a friend Jacob Cloete and the name was changed9 to Cloeteskraal.  The farmers in the surrounding districts from Stellenbosch to Drakenstoin and Wellington, and farther afield, used to send their stock there for grazing. It was on a cattle buying trip there that James Starke met his future wife, MarIa Kqtze, one of Constant's granddaughters.
My grandfather John Starke born 1823 arrived at the Cape from Norfolk circa 1845. At first he resided at Mowbray where he conducted a blacksmith’s business, and here he met his future wife Janefer Curnow Shugg whose parents had come from St Ives, Cornwall. Her father suffered from asthma and after completing the building of St Paul's Church, Rondebosch1 moved on to Australia. Some time after his marriage John Starke settled on the Old Oak farm, Durbanville, where James and the majority of his brothers and sisters were born.  There were fourteen children altogether namely, John, William, Lydia, Robert, Alice, Hannah, Jane, John, James’ Edward, Christopher, Emma, Charles, Edith, of whom the eldest and youngest did not survive infancy. Of the sons William farmed at Joostenberg, Robert at Oatlands, John and James at Mulder's Vlei, Christopher and Charles conducted C. Starke and Co.'s business at Mowbray while Edward managed the branch of the business at Moorreesburg.
The family of James Starke and Maria Kotze comprised Olga, Lydia, Thelma, Hubert, Jack, Julius and James.  Hubert married Bessie Meyer with issue Lynette, Christelle, Jeanine. Jack and Julius are still farming at Mulder's Vlei where their father established a pedigree Friesland herd.  Jack married Mary Boyes with issue Anne, Merle, Ivan, Bridget and Alison.  Julius married his cousin Amy Starke with issue Tony, Hazel, Julian and the twins Elizabeth and Janet.  James took his doctorate and was professor in Agriculture at Pretoria marrying Winifred Biggs, a descendant of the 1820 Settlers.  Their three children are Laura, Jean and Allan.
All four children of my marriage with Thelma Starke graduated, as did their parents, at the University of Cape Town. Joan and Yverne hold a B. A. degree, the former adding a B. Educ. recently, whilst Margaret and John took the medical degrees MB. and Ch. B. Joan married Derek Allderman, D. F. C. , with issue Peter John and David. Margaret married Sydney Brien, an attorney in Eshowe, with issue Janet and Brigid.  Yverne married John Louw B.Sc. with issue Noelle, Diana and Elizabeth Ann. John married Marion D'Alton with issue Guy, Jonathan and Ian.
As has just been indicated the main interests of the Starkes were in farming in the Western Province, nevertheless the family as a whole took an active part in the life of the community generally.  My father-in-law, 'Uncle James' served for many years on the Western Province Agricultural Society and

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as President of the Friesland Cattle Breeders1 Association of South Africa. Others who served on one or both of these bodies were his brother, Uncle Christopher, who was for long a Chairman of the Divisional Council of the Cape and also his sons, my wife's brothers, Hubert, Jack and Julius who succeeded cousin Harold as President of the W. P. Agricultural Society recently.  They qualified as Friesland judges including Julius's daughter Hazel, now Mrs Kit Vickery, the only woman in South Africa to do so.  Of my wife's cousins Neville qualified as a doctor in veterinary science, Coenie was farm manager at Elsenburg Agricultural College for some 25 years, and Alan was President of the Nurserymen's Association until his death. Grandfather John Starke 'volved the little gem squash.

Two Starke cousins dabbled in politics, namely Christopher, also a former Chairman of the Cape Divisional Council, who was a Nationalist M. P.his untimely death on the farm when the wall of a trench collapsed on him, and Willie of Durbanville a United Party M. P.C.  Several cousins fought World War I such as Bertie and Willie, Coenie's brothers and the brothers Harold, Neville and Sidney who fought at Delville Wood, became a prisoner of War and was awarded a D. C. M.  In the second World War among others my wife's brother Hubert went up north and his cousin Edward's sister Margaret received the M. B. E. for her services.  Cousin Marjorie 'Tuggie' took the R A. M. and recently retired from the Staff of the Department of Music at the University of Cape Town.  Finally Robert and Willie have been Presidents of  the Durbanville Turf Club and Victor a member of the Committee.

This story of the Starke family would not be complete without some reference to the performance of its members on the rugby field.  The most notorious was my wife's cousin Kenneth, rather below average height but wiry, zippy and elusive, who played for South Africa in all four tests against the British Touring team (Cove-Smith's) in 1924.

"The last test at Newlands will long be remembered for the brilliant exposition given by Kenny Starke on the left wing.
In the previous tests he had not played badly by any means,but in this game he simply could do nothing wrong  As already mentioned the outstanding feature of the game was the brilliant exhibition by Kenny Starke.  In the early stages he kicked a magnificent left foot drop from near the touch line and outside the opponents' "25", and later. he scored two brilliant.tries     Although all our backs played well Starke's performance outshone all else".⁵

He scored 9 points in his side '5 victory of 16 to 9.  In this series the Springboks won three tests and drew one.
Another cousin James captained Stellenbosch University for a record  number of seasons and ultimately gained a Springbok Cap.  In the 1956 Inter -varsity game 'in the dark? at Newlands James led the Maties against the 'keys .for whom our son John played at fly-half with Dick Lockyear as his scrum - half. A.C.T. won 8 - 5.  That season Lockyear came into his own though it was not until 1960 that he was rewarded with his Cap on the Springbok tour of the British Isles. The two halves developed a brilliant combination at times and, for instance, helped to beat Villagers by 29 to 3, April and by 21 - 6 in October.
"Varsity pulled up well this year and it was only the deciding match, which they lost to Stellenbosch 14 - 8 which kept them from recovering the Grand Challenge championship", last won in 1950. "Captaining the team this year was Basil Holmes, a provincial class loose forward and a good leader. Andy Beyers, the son of the present Judge President of the Cape, was an outstanding prop1 while a player of talent was J. Midgley, the fly-half, who unfortunately had his career shortened by a motor accident ,6
Incidentally our son's father-in-law George D'Alton played for the senior Springboks in the Argentine during 1932, and the following year represented

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South Africa at forward against the touring Australian side (The Wallabies) at Newlahds.
All my wife's brothers played rugby at the Grootfontein Agricultural College where Hubert and James were the Senior Dux pupils in their respective years.  With the exception of Hubert they played Provincial rugby in the Currie Cup Competition and Jack was invited to the Springbok trials at Port Elizabeth m 1928. Jack continued as a regular first team scrum-hall for Hamiltons for instance, in the Grand Challenge and subsequently devoted many years to coaching at Elsenburg Agricultural College and Van der Stel.  A cousin Jack Starke, an attorney at Elliotdale9 was an Eastern Province rugby Union president.
 

NOTES CHAPTER 13
1. Thelma and I met through a mutual interest in sport at U.T.C. where she was Hon. Secretary and a member of the Women's first ..........team, captained by her sister Lydia, who while teaching subsequently qualified as an Air Pilot and joined the W.A.A.F. and was admitted as an attorney and notary to please my father, but preferred education, and a career as I was not enamoured of office work and the feeling of being 'cabined, cribbed, confined' had persisted! In a confidential letter dated 4.'16 my great uncle Tom Walker wrote in reply to my father's enquiry "Jack said he would like to be a farmer or a commercial traveller. Have you told your father what your desire is? Yes, but he said "We'll have none of that"

2. Theal Vol. II before 1795, pp.349 and 365-6
Lawrence Green in 'Land of Afternoon' facing p.97 reproduces Poorterman's drawing of the interior of the Laubscher farmhouse of Saldanha Bay in 1848.
{Lawrence Green) "Grow lovely, growing old" p.13 "On old maps Melkbosch Strand appears as Losperd's Bay......I think a member of the old Loubser family, of Swiss origin, gave his name to the bay. There was a Loubser farming at Salt River before the end of the 17th century and what was more natural than that he should drive his cattle a short way up the coast in search of grazing. Losper is of course a corruption of Loubser".

3. Kotze became a jealous defender of judicial independence and came into conflict with the executive , President Kruger, and the legislature, the Volsraad. Kotze wished to check the hasty legfislation and to test resolutions (besluite). See Eric Walker: History of South Africa.
The brothers and sisters of my wife's mother Maria Kotze were:-
Elizabeth Johanna who married Jan Teubes; Sebastina Maria who married Nicholas Basson of Swartwater, Darling; John Jurgen Kotze of Kliphoek, Berg River, who married Alida Lindenberg; Constant Laubscher Kotze who married Nettie Truter and settled in the Transvaal, Geesie Maria who married Dirk Visser of Hopefield; Willem Adriaan van Schoor Kotze of Berg River who married Ella Bester; Anna Jacoba who married Jacobus Eksteen of De Hoek, Piketberg, Hendrick Kotze who married Barbara Nel nee Van Blerk and settled in the Transvaal; Julius Bremer who married Sarah Hoek.
The Kotze family produced a fast bowler in J.J. Kotze who represented South Africa in three tours of England viz:- 1901, losing 9 ex 25 games; 1904, losing only 3 ex 26, and 1907, losing only 4 ex 31. He also played in two tests during the Australian tour of South Africa in 1902, when out of six games played three were won and three drawn.

4. Theal, Vol. III before 1795, p.110. Jacob Cloete was granted the farm Eklenberg, Rondebosch.

5. "The History of S. A. Rugby Football" by Ivor Difford.

6. "The Varsity Spirit" by Babrow and Stent.
John captasined all his teams at the Diocesan College including first XV and was vice-captain of the Cricket XI, playing in the W.P. Nuffield team for two seasons., but he had no appetite later for body line bowling which might be compared to the 'late tackling' of rugby. Could he be fairly censured?
The writer understandably attributed the end of my son's rugby career to a motor-cycle accident but that near fatality actually occurred in 1960, the year after he qualified in medicine. During his first year he played for Combined Southern Universities but during his second year in the Varsity XV he had become out of tune with the methods of the coach in particular fundamentals he had unfortunately inherited some of his father's and grandfather's independent spirit- and decided to concentrate more on his studies. He continued to play rugby as his professors were keen followers of the game, but was content to play in the second team. In its report of the 1958 Intervarsity, when U.C.T. took a hammering in all games except the second which was drawn, 'Die Burger' paid the sides the following tribute:- Maandag, 2 Junie-
...Die kuns van verdediging het beslis nie verlore gegaan nie- altans nie by die tweede spanne van die Maties en dieIkeys wat Saterdag op Nuweland aan die Intervarsity deelgeneem het nie. Die twee spanne het mekaar so vasgevat dat die Intervarsity van die tweede spanne vir die eerste keer sedert 1911 op'n puntelose gelykop spel uitgeloop het.
Dit is darem nie die eerste keer dat die tweede spanne gelykop speel in Intervarsity nie, maar is beslis nie iets wat so baie gebeursoos met dieeerste spanne me. Sedert 1911 het nog net vier Intervarsities tussen die tweede spanne gelykop geeindig, maar in al 6-6. Vanjaar is die eerste keer dat die wedstryd met 0-0 gelykop eindig.
Dit was'n taat wedstryd van die eerste water wat die groot skare tot die end geboei het en waarin die spanning teen die end geweldig hoog opgelaai het. In die laaste paar minute was eers die Maties en toe die Ikeysbaie na aan punte, maar die verdediging het.
In die begin was dit die Ikeys wat die Maties lekker laat bontstaan het, maar na rustyd het die Maties met hul swaarder voorspelers 'n houvas op die spel begin kry. Hulle was toe in staat om aanval na aanval op die Ikeys se doellyn te los, maar hulle het hul elke keer teen rotsvaste verdediging vasgeloop.
Een man wat  soos.n paal bo water bo sy spanmaats uitstaan, is Midgley, heelagter van U. Kaapstad. As die Ikeys nie vir Midgley in die laaste vesting gehad het nie, sou hulle beslis'n paar punte teen hulle gehad het.
Midgley, wat verlede jaar gereeld vir die eerste span losskakel gespeel het, kon Saterdaggeen voet verkeerd sit nie. Hy het die bal pragtig gevang en die Maties telkens met lang skoppe teruggeddryf. Hy het ook talle gevaarlike bewegings net betyds gekeer..."

Until this twentieth century there have been comparatively few Midgley families in South Africa, though they are now naturally on the increase. The first large body of British Settlers arrived at the Cape in 1820 but there is no trace of a Midgley even among the parties from Yorkshire.  The "Stentor" sailed from Liverpool with 'inter alios' 36 from Yorkshire and 90 from Lancashire headed respectively by James Richardson, George Smith and Joseph Neave. The "John" had on board two parties from Yorkshire totalling 41 and 24 under C. Mouncey and J. Wainwright. The "Albany" brought out a party of 167 from Nottinghamshire under Dr. T. Calton, and when he died in the camp on the shores of Algoa Bay the leadership was taken over by Thomas Draper, who was born at Keighley in Yorkshire. The late Adv. H. E. Hockley, with whom incidentally I shared digs for a short spell during my period of Articles, makes this reservation in his "Story of the British Settlers in South Africa”

"Owing to the unsatisfactory manner in which the contemporary lists were drawn up, both in Britain and at the Cape, it is now impossible to compile a complete and accurate record of the names, and other personal details of all the Settlers and their families who accompanied them.
That not long afterwards certain Midg]eys were living in the Eastern Districts will now be noted.  A contemporary of mine at the University of Cape Town, John Sampson Midgley B. A., LL.B. , who resides at Adelaide in the Eastern Province, has given me the following interesting information which establishes his branch as the first to settle in South Africa. His great grandfather Thomas Midgley  b, 1807 arrived at the Cape in 1830 from Greetland in the old Halifax parish, accompanied by his wife Betty Taylor b. 1812, They had thirteen children of whom John b. 1833 married Sophia Elizabeth Futter b. 1837, the daughter of George and Sarah Futter.  The Futters arrived with the 1820 British Settlers as members of J. Bailie's party of 256 in the "Chapman". John's son also named John, born at Adelaide in 1860, married Jemima Jane Sampson daughter of David Sampson who had been born on the Isle of Jersey in 1828 and was subsequently a Captain in the 1st C. V. R. at Grahamstown. Their only son was John Sampson Midgley, my correspondent, whose wife Olive nee Ainslie is connected with the 1820 Pringles.
Among my father's papers - he lived for upwards of thirty years in Grahamstown - I found two pencil drawings of a Midgley's corner cottage c. 1840 where they sold humbugs   According to the Grahamstown Journal James Midgley of Chapel Street was registered as a mason in 1853.  Also the death is recorded at Grahamstown on 10.12.1869 of Thomas Midgley aged 63 years, 'a native of Yorkshire and one time labourer at Fort England', mentioned in the foregoing paragraph.  I notice that the residence in Adelaide of my namesake is named Ainley. It was in Ainley Wood nearby Greetland that the lawless episode in Edward II's reign terminated, as recorded on page 22 above.[Where the murderers of Sir John de Elland were caught - see Elland Feud - T.M.]
A younger cousin of his, the late Dr. O.O.Midgley qualified in medicine at U. C. T.⁵
Chronologically the next Midgley to follow Thomas.on the South African scene figures in the following episode on the Eastern Frontier. It should be borne in mind that the resentment felt by the Dutch Boers at the Frontier

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policy of the British Government had already culminated in the Great Trek of 1836. A strong feeling of dislike still existed between a very large section of the Colonial burghers and an equally large proportion of the regular forces. The burghers asserted that they were required to perform all the most difficult and dangerous duties and were half starved in the field, while the regular troops were fully rationed.  In addition to those who had signed on as combatants here were others in Grahamstown and the district who, possessing wagons, contracted to hire them to the military at so much per diem and themselves to drive  Their duty was to convey stores or anything else from the central depot to the out-stations and they too had their complaints.
Several of the military officers acted in such a manner as to incur the hatred of these colonists.  Chief among these was Lieutenant Colonel Lindsay, who was in command at Fort Peddie.  Among other arbitrary acts of this officer he caused a wagon driver named John Smith to be tied up and severely flogged, quite unjustifiably as Theal relates in greater detail. Then another similar incident during this Seventh Kaffir War on the Frontier is also related by Sir George Cory.²
"It appears that one (sic) Midgley had to drive a laden waggon from Fort Beaufort to Block drift.  In consequence of the drought his oxen were in a very poor condition and hardly able to crawl along  Lieut Bethune of the 91st was in command of the escorting party.  Midgley wished to outspan to give his oxen a rest.  This was refused, he was told to cut loose the useless oxen and go on with the remainder. These now having harder work and being barely able to get the waggon up a hill, Bethune ordered Midgley to thrash the animals still harder. He refused to do this.  Lieut Bethune thereupon ordered Midgley to be tied up to the wheel of his waggon and to be given a dozen strokes with the stirrup leather The waggon got to its destination, but six of the oxen had been left behind in an exhausted state."
In due course Midgley instituted legal proceedings but was obliged to withdraw his case before the Court in view of what transpired in Smith's case.
Not unnaturally as soon as the treatment meted out to John Smith became known in the frontier districts indignation was everywhere rampant. Incidentally the doctor who was present, afterwards averred in court that this was a light punishment compared with what the soldiers received - up to fifty lashes!  Subscription lists were opened for the purpose of raising funds to prosecute Colonel Lindsay.  There had been no court martial in Smith's case nor any investigation or trial of any kind,  Hence it was felt that it would be well to make a test case of this episode in order to learn whether any civilian  could be stripped and ignominiously flogged at the mere bidding of a military officer and was safe from such outrage.  A certain Dr Tancred, D. D., LL. D (University uncertain), who had failed to start an Oxford College in Grahamstown and been equally unsuccessful as a farmer, and who afterwards became member for Clanwilliam and a nuisance (sic) in the House of Assembly, took up Smith's case.  A sufficient sum of money was soon forthcoming and an action was commenced against Colonel Lindsay.
The case came first before the Circuit Court at Grahamstown, was en transferred to the Supreme Court in Cape Town and was finally decided
before Mr Justice Menzies and a jury at the Circuit Court at Uitenhage in September 1847. The Attorney General, had refused to prosecute.  On the other hand he defended Colonel Lindsay while Mr Ebden acted for the plaintiff. The Judge summed up in favour of the Colonel on the ground that under Martial law he was justified in acting as he did.  The jury, however, half of whom had subscribed to the fund, after a quarter of an hour's consideration, brought in verdict of Guilty. Colonel Lindsay was bound over under a penalty of £50 to appear when summoned to have judgment pronounced upon him.  That is, he received in the event no punishment, but public feeling seemed satisfied.

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A civil action for £1,000 damages was dismissed by the Judge with costs against Smith.
While engaged in research at the Cape Archives between the two World Wars I came across a reference, since mislaid, in one of the Bluebooks to the death of one Lieutenant Midgley on the Eastern Frontier.  Apparently while this officer was out on reconnaissance his horse bolted and he was surrounded and killed by Kaffirs (Xosas).  Then, Wanderer of the "Cape Argus" referred in the issue of 24.5.1958 to the names of families appearing in the invitation list to a ball at Government House on Queen Victoria’s birthday in 1858, one hundred years previously.  A Midgley figured in this "Peninsula Debrett" as he described it. Sir George Grey was  the Governor.
Another informant Cathie, the wife of Dr D.C. Midgley of the Witwatersrand University, supplies the following details of the arrival of her husband's grandfather Tom Midgley with his wife and six children from Bradford in 1889. Tom came out as a carpenter on contract to the old Cape Colonial Railways and was stationed at Cradock.  After leaving the Railways he went to Johannesburg where he started a soap factory and subsequently a building business.  Everything was lost in the South African War whereupon he moved to Durban and established the firm of T. Midgley and Son, builders and contractors, presently carried on by the grandson Kenneth.  Tom and Arnold were Presidents of the National Federation of Master Builders and with Kenneth have been in turn President of the Durban Master Builders. Tom's four sons, now deceased, produced altogether eighteen children, 12 boys and 6 girls, so that this branch of the Midgley family should long survive!  The Christian name Saville given to Tom's eldest son and to his daughter Margaret Robinson's only child may have some historical association with the West Riding? Tom's wife was Martha Ann Saville. [For the origins of this family see Midgleys of West Yorkshire page, then Gomersal- T.M.]

The following particulars I have culled from the issue of "Personality" of 20.7.1967.  In 1890, three years before my father's arrival, one Joseph Henry Midgley left England in the S. S. Umbilo for South Africa.  As the son of a Wesleyan Minister he had been educated at Kingswood, Bath, and after serving as an articled clerk in Leeds, Yorkshire, and later as a mercantile accountant in London, he decided at the age of 27 to accept the offer of a post as accountant to a Mr Reid at Zeerust. The journey overland from Durban, via Pieterrnaritzburg, Ladysmith, over the Drakensberg mountains to Harrismith, then on to Johannesburg, Potchefstroom, Ventersdorp to Zeerust was quite an adventure. His comments on the City of Gold. then only ten years old and its awful sanitary arrangements are revealingly frank:
"Poor Johannesburg! It has seen some queer things in its short life and is now troubled with a plague of rats!"
He stayed barely two years at Zeerust before returning to be married in London, where he died in 1917.  His Journals quoted fifty years later, with photographs, including President Paul Kruger's visit to the local Native Chief, provide an interesting account and commentary on life and conditions in the Transvaal of those primitive pioneer days.
Through my youngest brother Norman at Port Elizabeth I contacted one more namesake John H. Midgley who is the manager of another branch of the Standard Bank in that city.  His father Percy who settled in Maseru, Basutoland, in 1898, was one of two children born to William Henry Midgley b. 1858 and Emma Barraclough of Bradford.  Thus South Africa for one reason or another towards the close of the 19th century seems to have acted as a magnet to yet another member of the Midgley family from the West Riding.  John Hector has two brothers, an elder one Ernest and a younger one Robert as well as a sister Irene. Ernest's wife Olga duly sent me a genealogical tree tracing their branch back to Samuel Midgley b. 1785 of Bierley near Bradford who married Sarah Crowther b. 1783. They produced thirteen children of whom the eighth Henry b. 1822 married Ellen Rushworth b. 1827.  This Henry in turn sired eleven of whom the sixth was the aforesaid William Henry.
The Manor of Bierley and that of Bradford were among the 150 manors granted to lbert de Lacy by William the Conqueror as described in Chapter 4

-77-

page 18 above.  According to their own particular family traditions the Manor of Bradford was once held by a forbear John Midgley who gambled his fortune away at poker. Similarly it is believed that another member Mary Midgley daughter of a Clayton landowner married Nicholas Richardson who purchased Bierley Manor in 1561.  Unless substantiated by chapter and verse all this may just be pure conjecture.⁴
The latest arrival was Walter Midgley horn 1888, who came from Goole on Ouse in 1910.  His father was born at Grimsby at the mouth of the Humber, a far cry from Upper Calderdale.  In 1916 Walter married Rhoda Berry, a childhood friend who sailed from Goole during the War for the purpose. They have been settled in Cape Town since his retirement from the Germiston Municipality.  Their son Raymond has two children Diane and Tony.

In conclusion, it seems to be quite safe to infer from what I have recorded in Chapter 9 and elsewhere in previous pages that all Midgleys wherever residing to-day share a common heritage of which they need not be ashamed, and are descended from one or other of the branches of the family who have remained in the original Township in Calderdale or have moved out down the centuries to seek their fortunes in other parts of the West Riding and beyond.

The West Riding has always produced fine vocalists and instrumentalists, and the Foulds and Midgley families were no exceptions. Apart from what has already appeared in these pages, 1 wish now to refer to a publication just sent to me by Olga Midgley of Nottingham Road, Natal. It is entitled  “My 70 years of musical memories, 1860 - 1930" by the author Samuel Midgley (1849 - 1935).  This 130 page volume published by Novello and Coy. Ltd. London  has a foreword by Dr. Sutcliffe Smith where he includes the author among such pioneers in the County's proud musical record as, 'inter alios', Henry Coward of Sheffield  see page 60 of the text above.
Samuel's brother William Henry Midgley was the father of the Percy, mentioned on page 76 above, who was sent to Basutoland by a Bradford wool firm when he showed signs of lung weakness.  He lived to a good age in that bracing climate.
Like most lads at that time, Samuel was sent to work when very young. Starting out at 6 o'clock in the morning, he had a longish walk to a pit where ironstone in the rough was brought to the bank, where boys had to knock off the unwanted soil. and thus prepare it for the furnace at Bowling or Low Moor.  The Romans had an iron industry there - see note 4, chapter 14. Incidentally the munitions factory at Low Moor blew up during World War I when I was over there
Later, on arriving at the mature age of ten or eleven, Samuel's occupation was changed, and he was transferred to the coal-pit, where his duty was to act as 'hurrier' to push 'corves' filled with coal from the seam to the pit shaft, where it was hoisted to the surface.  At nights some of the lads would improve their education by attending night classes.  Impressed by Samuel's interest in his 'studies, his schoolmaster arranged for him to become a pupil-teacher at Bierley National Schools.
School at Bierley began at 9 o'clock, but the headmaster had the pupil-teachers for instruction at 6 o'cLock every morning except Saturdays and Sundays. Samuel's days were fully occupied as he spent a fair 'amount of time in studying music for which he had a natural bent.  Music played a large part in the efforts at entertainment in a suburban village in those early days.  The local blacksmith played the 'cello with enthusiasm and the tailor was no less assiduous with his violin, so that with Samuel at the pianoforte they formed a delightful trio.  Another villager managed the flute quite well.
In due course Samuel spent the year 1873 studying music in Leipzig and became a teacher as well as performer. He had a hand in initiating Free Chamber Concerts in Bradford for fourteen seasons. Then he became accompanist to the Bradford Subscription Concerts on their introduction.  Finally he saw the formation of a permanent Bradford Orchestra. Before this he met his future wife, a talented young singer, through the Bradford Festival Society

 Midgley of South Africa Link

NOTES CHAPTER 14
1. Theal Vol. III since 1795, pp.24, 25.

2. Cory Vol. IV pp.455-7
"A young man, John Crawford Smith, son of one of the heads of 1820 settler parties who had already been killed by Kaffirs (Xosas), had taken a load of Peddie. He was then ordered by a Mr. Cumming, the commissariat officer, to take his waggon to a distant forest and cut wood. This was about the time when Kaffirs (Xosas) were congregating in those parts for their attack on Fort Peddie. The previous week a wood-cutting party had gone out with an escort, had been attacked by Kaffirs (Xosas) and with some difficulty returned with the loss of one of the waggons.
Smith and others refused to go, partly because they considered it was no part of their contract but more because they were afraid to go into an obviously dangerous place.. Mr. Cumming after stating that he would have no more of this d_____d nonsense, went off to the Colonel's quarters and reported them. Colonel Lindsay, in a fury, came down accompanied by a party of soldiers and ordered all those who refused to cut wood to stand forward. All the waggoners did so. Asked for an explanation of their conduct, they said they feared to go without a protecting escort. The Colonel told them that it was not his intention they should and that the soldiers then there with him were to go with them.
The waggoners now being satisfied consented to go and were moving off, when Col. Lindsay shouted that he would thrash one of them as an example to the others and show them that he had the power to do so. He then ordered  four men to seize Smith, strip him and tie him to the wheel of a waggon. The men did so very reluctantly. The Colonel seeing this shouted "What! four men can't strip one! Send two more" In  the end poor Smith's back was bared and his hands and feet made fast to the waggon wheel. The cat-o'-nine-tails was then laid on. When the blood began to run down, another waggoner, a young man named Arrowsmith, fell on his knees before the brutal Colonel and begged for mercy for his companion. He was told that unless he got up immediately he would be treated in the same manner. Smith received twent-five lashes."

3. The children of Tom Midgley and Martha Ann Saville were:-
    Saville d. 1910 with issue Violet, Tom Arthur; Arnold d. 1952 with issue Arnold Kenneth, Desmond Clifford, Richard Rowland, Joan Alma, John Edward, Arnold Benjamin, Graham Michael; John d. 1935 with issue George, Arthur, Margaret; Herbert d.1957 with issue Justin, Michael, Mary, Jean, Ann; Margaret Robinson with issue Saville; and Ann, s.p.
As a contribution to the Republic's Water Year 1970 'The Motorist' in its January issue published an "informative article based on papers by Professor D.C. Midgley, South Africa's foremost hydrologist", namely Arnold's son, Desmond Clifford abovementioned. Another grandson of Tom Midgley is a master builder at Que Que in S. Rhodesia. Yet another, Margaret Robinson's son Saville is presently mayor of Port Shepstone, as was his father before him from 1936 to 1939. References are made to some Saville branches in the text. Vide end of Chapter 4. This family (Savile, Savill, Saville) is an old extensive aristocratic one in Yorkshire and the owl is the distinguishing feature in the Crest of all. The highest ranking member I think was the second Marquess of Halifax whose peerages became extinct when he died in 1700 s.p.m.

4. During the revolt of the Brigantes at the close of the third century a Roman iron industry which had developed in and around the Spen valley between Calderdale and Bradford came to an untimely end. Near Bierley iron slag heaps have been found associated with coins of Diocletian, Carausius, Constantius and Constantine (A.D. 287-306) but nothing later. Proof of the unsettled conditions in the last century of Roman occupation of Britain.

5. Dr. O.O. Midgley's death in 1952 at the age of 38 was an untimely one. His widow Mimsy nee Basson, who lives in Sea Point was left with four young  children to be reared and this she has done most creditably.
The following information was obtained from the Cape Archives for me by Margaret Cairns, nee Twentyman-Jones, L.L.B.
  1. Death Notice of Thomas Midgley, 5789/1869, D.N. Vol.6/9/129
      Born Yorkshire: parents- unknown; age 63 widower; died on 10.12.1869 at Albany General Hospital.
Children: Mary Anne, Hannah, John, Sarah Anne, Samuel, Ellen, George- all majors, Robert and Henry minors.

 2. Death Notice of John Midgley 75/1880. D.N. Vol. 6/9/174
Furter:ob.died 2.5.1880 at his residence in the village of Adelaide.
Children:Ellen Sophia married to T. Walker, John Henry, Thomas George, Elizabeth Ann, Clara Taylor, Albert Samuel, Ada, Sarah Jane.
Signed S.E. Midgley X her mark widow.

3. Albert Samuel born Adelaide., died aged 25 unmarried; parents John and Sophia Elizabeth; shop keeper and general dealer 1690/1895. D.N. Vol. 6/9/343
Another Midgley who came out to the Eastern Province and settled in Grahamstown was one Thomas Midgley who left no male heirs. Vide death notice 1959/1887, D.N. Vol. 6/9/251
Born Bradford, Yorkshire, of parents John and Ann Midgley on 6th May 1840; married to Maria Woods at St. Catherine's Church, Dublin Ireland: plumber; died age 47, on 8.11.1887 at his residence in Serrurier Street, Grahamstown.
Children: Eva, b.23.6.1876; Evelyn, b.6.12.1878; Irene, b.5.5.1883; and Bertha Beatrice, b.13.1885 - all minors.
"The deceased left no property, he having on 5.11.1887 by deed of donation, 'mortis causa', given all his estate and property to me, Maria Midgley, his wife, subject to the payment of his past debts, funeral and testamentary expenses..." Sighned in London, Maria Midgley.

While writing of Yorkshiremen, I would like to record that Frederick Lumb, the father of George Lumb a member of the firm of Mills Litho (Pty) Ltd., the printers hereof, came from Leeds to settle in South Africa early this century. His wife Flora was always a loyal pillar of mine while Principal of the old Plumstead School. Incidentally Lumb Falls is a natural feature not far from Midgley.

4. Samuel Midgley had a very full life. As a member of the Council of the Incorporated Society of Musicians he met many English artists. He was associated as a performer with many others such as Hugo Becker, the German violoncellist, Pablo Casals, Moskowski, Fritz Kreisler, Charles and Lady Halle, John McCormack, Mesdames Patey, Nordica, Carreno, Mignon Nevada, and Ella Russell, to mention a few, and with the composer Frederick Delius. His correspondence, reminiscences, obiter dicta and travels provide most interesting reading. The climax of a long musical career was the award of honorary membership of the Royal college of Music, founded 1883, in its jubilee year 1933, proof that he had attained a position of some mark in the world of music. His daughter, May, was on tour in the Union with the Sheffield Choir, just before World War I, as was my cousin Watson Walker.

P.S. A last point of interest.
I have just seen the following publication in the S.A. Public Library, Cape Town.
"The Diaries of Sarah Midgley (and Richard Skilbeck, her husband) (1851-'64) (Cassell, Ausralia 1967) in which appears the following -
"In the year 1851, at the age of 51, John Midghley, a tenant farmer in the small village of Bardsey, eight miles north of Leeds in TYorkshire, decided to emigrate to Australia with his wife Mary Allan and their three children, John, William and Sarah. The reason for their final decision is not clear in Sarah Midgley's diary, but a major factor probably was John Midgley's disagreement with his Landlord over hius right to vote for the candidate of his choice at an election, and their destination - Victoria - may have been influenced by the fact that in that year (1851) it was proclaimed as England's youngest Colony, and would therefore have been much in the news in England at the time".
 

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